Formulas

    Check the units, follow an example and try your own numbers where a calculator is available.

    Size and value

    Trade volume

    The real size of your position in units.

    Volume=Lots×Contract size
    Lots:
    Number of lots in the position.
    Contract size:
    Units per lot. Depends on the instrument.
    Hypothetical example · EUR/USD · 1 lot
    1 × 100,000 = 100,000 EUR
    see Reference
    Understand this formula

    The question opens as a draft; you can edit it before sending.

    Pip value

    Estimated value of one pip in the account currency for linear contracts.

    Pip value=Lots×Contract size×Pip size×Account conversion
    Lots:
    Number of lots in the position.
    Contract size:
    Units per lot. Depends on the instrument.
    Pip size:
    Price change defined as one pip; it can differ from the minimum tick.
    Account conversion:
    Account currency per unit of quote currency; 1 when they are the same.

    First calculate the value in the quote currency, then convert it to the account currency. The value may change with the exchange rate.

    Hypothetical example · EUR/USD · 1 lot · USD account
    1 × 100,000 × 0.0001 × 1 = 10 USD per pip
    see Reference
    Open pip value calculator

    The calculator opens without registration so you can enter your own data.

    Costs

    Spread

    The difference between buy and sell, in pips. It's an implicit cost.

    Spread=(Ask−Bid)/Pip size
    Ask:
    Buy price.
    Bid:
    Sell price.
    Pip size:
    Price change defined as one pip; it can differ from the minimum tick.
    Hypothetical example · EUR/USD · Ask 1.08542 · Bid 1.08540
    (1.08542 − 1.08540) / 0.0001 = 0.2 pips
    see Reference
    Understand this formula

    The question opens as a draft; you can edit it before sending.

    Spread cost

    Monetary equivalent of the observed spread for this size; excludes other charges.

    Spread cost=Spread×Pip value
    Spread:
    The difference, in pips.
    Pip value:
    Value per pip in the account currency for this size and exchange rate.
    Hypothetical example · 0.2 pips · pip value 10 USD/pip
    0.2 pips × 10 USD/pip = 2 USD
    Understand this formula

    The question opens as a draft; you can edit it before sending.

    Swap

    Estimated charge or credit for holding a position, when the rate is expressed in pips.

    Swap=Swap rate×Equivalent periods×Pip value
    Swap rate:
    Long or short rate, expressed in pips per equivalent daily charge.
    Equivalent periods:
    Equivalent charging periods: account for multiple charges and days with no charge.
    Pip value:
    Value per pip in the account currency for this size and exchange rate.

    Assumes a constant rate in pips per equivalent charge. Confirm the unit, schedule and account conditions; a published rate without its unit is insufficient for this formula.

    Hypothetical example · −0.15 pips per charge · 3 equivalent periods · 10 USD/pip
    −0.15 × 3 × 10 USD = −4.50 USD
    Open swap calculator

    The calculator opens without registration so you can enter your own data.

    Margin and leverage

    Required margin

    Estimate in the account currency: notional exposure divided by the applied leverage.

    Margin=(Lots×Contract size×Price×Account conversion)/Leverage
    Lots:
    Number of lots in the position.
    Contract size:
    Units per lot. Depends on the instrument.
    Price:
    Quote currency per unit of the asset; EUR/USD 1.10 means 1.10 USD per EUR.
    Account conversion:
    Account currency per unit of quote currency; 1 when they are the same.
    Leverage:
    Leverage applied to this calculation (200 represents 1:200).

    Linear contract model: lots × units per lot × price gives exposure in the quote currency; convert it to the account currency. Here USD→USD conversion is 1. The broker may apply fixed or variable requirements by instrument and account; margin does not limit the loss.

    Hypothetical example · EUR/USD · 1 lot · price 1.10 USD/EUR · USD account · 1:200
    100,000 EUR × 1.10 USD/EUR / 200 = 550 USD
    see Reference
    Open margin calculator

    The calculator opens without registration so you can enter your own data.

    Free margin

    Equity minus used margin. It can be negative and changes with open positions.

    Free margin=Equity−Margin
    Equity:
    Your capital including floating P&L.
    Margin:
    Used margin, in the same currency as equity.
    Hypothetical example · Equity 2,000 USD · margin 500 USD
    2,000 USD − 500 USD = 1,500 USD
    Understand this formula

    The question opens as a draft; you can edit it before sending.

    Margin level

    Equity as a percentage of used margin; not a guarantee of safety.

    Margin level=(Equity/Margin)×100
    Equity:
    Your capital including floating P&L.
    Margin:
    Used margin, in the same currency as equity.

    Only calculated when used margin is greater than zero. Margin call and stop out thresholds depend on the broker and account conditions; risk also exists above 100%.

    Hypothetical example · Equity 2,000 USD · margin 500 USD
    (2,000 USD / 500 USD) × 100 = 400%
    Understand this formula

    The question opens as a draft; you can edit it before sending.

    Result

    Profit / Loss

    Estimated gross result from the price move, before commissions, swap and other adjustments.

    Profit / Loss=Change in pips×Pip value
    Change in pips:
    The move for or against you, in pips.
    Pip value:
    Value per pip in the account currency for this size and exchange rate.

    Buy: (closing Bid − opening Ask) / pip size. Sell: (opening Bid − closing Ask) / pip size. When using these execution prices, the spread is already reflected; do not subtract it again. Use the currency conversion applicable to the calculation.

    Hypothetical example · Buy EUR/USD · 1 lot · opening Ask 1.0850 → closing Bid 1.0870 · USD account
    20 pips × 10 USD/pip = +200 USD
    Open profit and loss calculator

    The calculator opens without registration so you can enter your own data.

    Take Profit / Stop Loss

    Planned price level at a distance from the opening price; it does not guarantee the execution price.

    TP / SL=Open price±Change in price
    Open price:
    The price you opened at.
    Change in price:
    Distance in pips multiplied by pip size.

    Add for a buy TP or sell SL; subtract for a buy SL or sell TP. Execution can differ due to slippage, gaps and order conditions.

    Hypothetical example · Buy TP on EUR/USD · open 1.0850 · distance 20 pips
    1.0850 + 0.0020 = 1.0870
    Open TP and SL calculator

    The calculator opens without registration so you can enter your own data.